Gukumira no kugenzura umwanda mu gikorwa cyo gukora impapuro z'ubwiherero bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: gutunganya imyanda mu bimera no kuyisukura mu bindi bimera.
Uburyo bwo kuvura mu bimera
Harimo: ① kongera imbaraga mu gutegura (umukungugu, ibisigazwa, gukuraho amazi, ubujyakuzimu, nibindi), gukoresha uburyo bwo gukusanya umukungugu mu mazi, kugabanya umwanda w'umukungugu mu itegurwa ry'aho bategurira, gukusanya imyanda, kugarura ingufu z'ubushyuhe mu gihe cyo gutwika, nko gukoresha ibishishwa by'ibiti, icyuma gitwika ibyatsi; ② kubungabunga amazi, kongera gukoresha amazi yera, inshuro nyinshi amazi akoreshwa; ③ kunoza uburyo bwo gukuramo inzoga z'umukara zitetse, kongera imicungire y'igice cyo gukaraba kugira ngo hongerwe umubare w'ibice, kugabanya ingano y'inzoga z'umukara zitetse hamwe n'umunyu wakuwe mu gikaraba, no gukoresha uburyo bwiza bwo kugarura imyanda mu guteka bw'imiti n'ikoranabuhanga ry'ingufu z'ubushyuhe, nko kugarura alkali, n'indi mikoreshereze y'amazi y'imyanda. Kandi ukoreshe uburyo bwiza bwo kugarura imyanda mu guteka bw'imiti n'ikoranabuhanga ry'ingufu z'ubushyuhe, nko kugarura alkali, hamwe n'ubundi buryo bwose bwo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ry'amazi y'imyanda; ④ dioxyde de chlorine cyangwa oxy-alkali bleaching, cyangwa hydrogen peroxide bleaching, kugira ngo ugabanye lignin chloride y'amazi y'imyanda, chlorophenol n'indi myuka ihumanya; ⑤ kondensate yanduye isukurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gukuramo umwuka kugira ngo igabanye imyuka ihumanya ikirere n'amazi ashongeshwa; ⑥ Gukusanya inzoga z'umukara zisohoka n'izitonyanga, amazi y'icyatsi kibisi, amazi y'umweru, hamwe n'uburyo bwo kugenzura mudasobwa kugira ngo ipime ubwinshi bwayo, bigasubizwa mu buryo bwikora mu kigega gikoreshwa, kugira ngo bigabanye imyuka ihumanya ikirere; ⑦ Gusubiza imigozi yatakaye, kugabanya ingano y'ibintu bikomeye biri mu mazi yanduye; ⑧ Guteza imbere isubiramo ry'isabune ya turpentine sulfate, kugabanya isohoka ry'ibintu byangiza; ⑨ Gutunganya imyanda ikomeye, gukoresha umuriro kugira ngo igarure ubushyuhe, gukoresha neza no kuzuza icyobo cy'uburyo butatu bwo kuvura; ⑩ Gutunganya ivumbi, bishobora gukoreshwa mu gukuraho ivumbi rikoresha amashanyarazi, gukuraho ivumbi ry'amazi no gutandukanya inkubi y'umuyaga n'ibindi bikoresho; Gutunganya ivumbi ry'ikirere n'ibindi bikoresho; Gutunganya ivumbi ry'ikirere, gukusanya ivumbi ry'umwuka mubi muri buri shami, harimo ivumbi ry'umwuka ryanduye rizamuka bitewe n'umwuka w'amazi wanduye, nyuma yo gukonjesha, amazi abira, kwirinda guturika n'ibindi bipimo, byoherezwa muri boiler, mu itanura rigarura alkali cyangwa mu itanura rya lime; Kuvura urusaku, gufata ingamba zo gukuraho imitingito, gukingira urusaku no gukoresha ibikoresho bidakoresha urusaku rwinshi.
Gusukura amazi yanduye hanze y'uruganda
Amazi yanduye ava mu gice cyose cy’amazi asohoka mu ruganda yose atunganywa ku rwego rwa mbere cyangwa urwa kabiri mbere yuko asohoka mu mazi, cyangwa amazi yanduye agakoreshwa mu kuhira, ubutaka n’ibimera bigakoreshwa mu gusukura amazi yanduye. Uburyo bwo kuvura bw’ibanze ahanini bukuraho ibintu bihagaze, hakoreshejwe uburyo nko gusya no kuyungurura no kuzura umwuka. Ibimera ku giti cyabyo byongeramo flocculants mu mazi yanduye kugira ngo bikureho bimwe mu bintu bya colloidal organic byashongeshejwe, nka lignin na pigment. Uburyo bwo kuvura bw’ibanze rusange bushobora gukuraho 80 ~ 90% SS na 20% BOD5. Uburyo bwo kuvura bw’ibanze bwo kuvura biochemical, ahanini kugira ngo bikureho BOD5. Ubushinwa bufite ibimera bike byakoreshejwe muri ubu buryo, harimo ibidendezi bya oxidation, biofilters, bio-turntable na activated sand (harimo no kuyungurura no kongera kuvugurura, guhumeka vuba, oxidation yo guhuza). Uburyo bwo kuvura bw’ibanze rusange bushobora gukuraho 60 ~ 95% BOD5. Mu bihugu byateye imbere mu nganda, hari ibimera byihariye byo gukuraho ibara ry’amazi yanduye no kuyasukura, kugira ngo bigere ku rwego rw’amazi yo kunywa, ariko igiciro kirahenze.
Impapuro z'ubwiherero za Yashi 100% ntizikoresha ifumbire mvaruganda n'imiti yica udukoko. Uburyo bwose bukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryo gusohora no kudahindura uruhu kugira ngo hatabaho ibisigazwa by'uburozi n'ibyangiza nk'imiti, imiti yica udukoko, ibyuma biremereye, nibindi. Byageragejwe n'ikigo cyemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ibizamini bya SGS kandi ntibirimo ibintu by'uburozi n'ibyangiza ndetse n'ibintu bitera kanseri. Bikoreshwa neza kandi abaguzi barushaho kwizera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-13-2024
